Recently, Saudi Arabia’s Al-Wahbah Crater has been distinguished as one of the top 100 geological heritage sites for the year 2024, as recognized by the International Union of Geological Sciences and UNESCO. This acknowledgement underscores the crater’s remarkable geological significance not only within Saudi Arabia but also on a global scale.

Known as Maqla Tamiyyah, Al-Wahbah Crater is classified as a maar crater, formed by a phreatic eruption—a violent steam explosion resulting from the interaction of magma with groundwater. Situated approximately 270 kilometers northeast of Jeddah, in the Harrat Kishb basaltic plateau, the crater is noted for its impressive dimensions and scenic beauty.

With an estimated formation age of 1.1 million years, Al-Wahbah measures around 2.3 kilometers in diameter and boasts a noteworthy depth of 250 meters, rendering it the largest and deepest volcanic crater in the Kingdom. The crater’s depth and diameter considerably exceed those of typical volcanic craters, and it is complemented by a shallow salt lake resulting from rainwater accumulation.

This geological formation is part of an extensive volcanic field that hosts 175 volcanic cones, a testament to its ancient geological history that spans millions of years and covers an area of approximately 6,000 square kilometers, as reported by the Saudi Press Agency.

Geological landmarks such as Al-Wahbah Crater play a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of the Earth’s geological past and processes. Abdulaziz bin Laboun, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Saudi Geologists Cooperative, emphasized the importance of publicizing these natural phenomena to foster awareness and support for geological research.

Mr. Tariq Aba Al-Khail, spokesperson for the Saudi Geological Survey, remarked on the anticipated impact of the crater’s recognition. It is expected to elevate the site’s prominence as a destination for both scientific exploration and tourism, thereby highlighting its distinct geological features and significance.

Among the 174 sites nominated from 64 countries, which included nations such as the United States, Italy, Canada, New Zealand, China, Iceland, Egypt, and Finland, Al-Wahbah’s selection is a notable accomplishment.

Geologists initially speculated that the circular shape of the crater indicated a meteorite impact; however, contemporary geological studies affirm its classification as a maar crater. The crater floor is adorned with white sodium phosphate crystals, further adding to its scientific allure.

Mr. Laboun remarked on the extraordinary characteristics of Al-Wahbah Crater, including its impressive depth and expansive diameter. The surrounding region boasts natural springs, trees, and palm groves, accentuating the crater’s uniqueness within the geological landscape of Saudi Arabia. The fact that it was formed in an aquatic setting distinguishes it among other volcanic structures.

Moreover, the cultural narratives surrounding the crater, including local folklore about a character named Tamia who purportedly flew from the crater to Qattan Mountain in Najd, enrich its historical significance.

In conclusion, the recognition of Al-Wahbah Crater as a prime geological heritage site not only highlights its exceptional features but also supports the broader development of geological sciences within the Kingdom. As we celebrate such historical landmarks, we simultaneously encourage research and public engagement with our planet’s geological treasures.

Related posts:

United States and Philippine Naval Vessels Team up for Joint Patrol in South China Sea Mainland Chinese Olympians Celebrate Success in Hong Kong Chile’s Foreign Minister Advocates for Stronger Bilateral Ties with India Survey Reveals Bleak Prospects for India-Pakistan Relations; Bangladeshis Show Optimism