The Democracy Index by the EIU ranks Bangladesh 100th out of 167 countries, indicating a significant decline in its democratic status. While the nation ranks ahead of Pakistan, it lags behind India. The report suggests critical issues in governance and citizens’ freedom, highlighting the challenges faced amidst upcoming elections and the need for institutional reforms.

The Economic Intelligence Unit (EIU) has released the latest Democracy Index, placing Bangladesh at 100th out of 167 nations. This position reflects a significant decline, as Bangladesh was ranked 73rd in 2023 and 75th in 2024. While it surpasses Pakistan in ranking (124th), it is still far behind India, which occupies the 41st position. Bangladesh shares its ranking with Benin, indicating challenges faced by democracies worldwide.

Norway leads the index this year, with nine European nations in the top ten, while New Zealand occupies the second position. Among the lowest-ranked countries are Pakistan and South Korea, alongside Kuwait and Ghana. A comparison of these countries’ Democracy Index scores with their Human Development Index (HDI) suggests that high economic standing does not equate to democratic integrity, highlighting the limitations of democracy.

Democracy is valued intrinsically, enabling the protection of human rights, autonomy, and fostering economic growth—if even indirectly. The historical absence of famines in democratic nations reinforces this intrinsic value. However, the relevance and accuracy of the Democracy Index can be questioned, encouraging nations to acknowledge its limitations.

While the Democracy Index provides an indication of a country’s democratic status, it is also influencing competition among nations. Its complexities and subjective nature necessitate a cautious view of its findings, as no single measure can fully encapsulate democracy’s essence.

Bangladesh has historically been categorized as a “hybrid regime” with specific flaws, as it has never achieved “full democracy” status. Notably, issues like freedom and government functioning significantly undermine its democratic status, even while the electoral process and pluralism reportedly fared better.

The EIU report underscores the urgency for the interim government in Bangladesh, tasked with organizing national elections while simultaneously reforming democratic institutions. This dual focus may affect the timeline for the upcoming elections, as reforms are prioritized amidst political pressures.

The latest Democracy Index reveals a troubling trend for Bangladesh, marking a significant decline in its democratic standing. Despite being situated between India and Pakistan, the report highlights critical flaws in governance and citizens’ freedom. As the nation prepares for elections, the pressure to reform democratic institutions poses challenges that could influence the electoral landscape. The index serves as both a tool for reflection on democracy and a reminder of its complexities.

Original Source: www.thedailystar.net

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