Kamikaze Drones: India’s Strategic Innovation Against High-Cost Military Assets
This article discusses India’s incorporation of cost-effective kamikaze drones in military strategy to combat more expensive war machines, emphasizing indigenous development and technological innovation in response to modern warfare dynamics, as highlighted by Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth.
The efficacy of loitering munitions, commonly referred to as kamikaze drones, has been prominently demonstrated on contemporary battlefields. Russian Lancet-3 drones have been effectively targeting Ukrainian artillery, while Ukraine has countered these threats with U.S.-supplied Switchblade drones and its own RAM II systems. Moreover, Israel’s use of Harop loitering munitions and Iran’s mass-produced Shahed-136 drones have showcased how inexpensive drones can effectively penetrate sophisticated air defense systems.
During a recent seminar, Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth emphasized the necessity of low-cost drones and loitering munitions in modern warfare, especially highlighted by the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine. He pointed out that the cost-effectiveness of drones is astounding, noting, “A single $500 drone can destroy a $10 million tank—an astounding cost ratio of 20,000:1.” Furthermore, he underscored the pressing need for advanced counter-drone systems to address emerging threats, including electronic warfare tools and directed-energy weapons.
In response to these battlefield developments, the Indian Army has proactively expanded its drone fleet, focusing on indigenous capabilities. The SkyStriker drone is already in service, providing a range of 500 km for Suppression of Enemy Air Defences (SEAD). Additionally, the recently inducted Nagastra-1 is a tactical drone specializing in high-altitude warfare along the India-China border.
India’s private sector is also stepping up its drone technology efforts. For instance, ZMotion Autonomous Systems successfully tested loitering munitions at substantial cost savings compared to imported models. Meanwhile, Tata Advanced Systems has trialed the ALS-50 drone, showcasing its versatility with successful operations in various environments.
The concept of swarm warfare is gaining traction in India, demonstrated by a 75-drone swarm attack in 2021. Advancements continue with NewSpace Research & Technologies delivering a 100-drone swarm system by 2023, exhibiting the potential of coordinated drone deployments made possible through artificial intelligence, similar to innovations noted in Ukraine.
Although India has made significant strides in drone technology, there remains a cost disparity, with domestic drones being pricier than their Russian and Iranian counterparts. Nevertheless, Indian defense firms are under pressure to enhance innovation and affordability.
In parallel, Western manufacturers are also evolving. The U.S.-based Cummings Aerospace tested its Hellhound S3 loitering munition, showcasing competitive speed and capabilities for longer-range attacks. Sheila Cummings, the CEO, indicated that the Hellhound’s performance emphasized the importance of speed in modern warfare.
India’s defense modernization is notable, with 65% of defense equipment now sourced domestically, compared to a past reliance of 70% on imports. Recent defense production achievements reached Rs 1.27 lakh crore in 2023-24, and with steady exports, India aims to enhance its self-sufficiency and technological prowess.
Initiatives like iDEX and SAMARTHYA focus on AI developments within the defense sector, with over 14,000 defense components indigenized, greatly boosting self-reliance. Significant procurements, including the Advanced Towed Artillery Gun Systems (ATAGS), further illustrate India’s commitment to modernizing its defense capabilities.
Despite these achievements, challenges persist as India aims to compete with ultra-low-cost drone production from Russia and Iran. Continuous innovation is necessary to develop competitive advantages as India transitions towards AI-driven capabilities.
Amid rising geopolitical tensions, India’s investments in drone technology represent a strategic imperative, ensuring readiness for future conflicts. A core focus on innovation and self-reliance is evident as India actively shapes the future of aerial warfare.
Lt Gen Seth encapsulated this shift succinctly: “We have transitioned from conventional airstrikes by manned aircraft to an era dominated by unmanned systems, precision-guided munitions, loitering drones, and hypersonic missiles.” As such, the evolving military landscape suggests that India is not merely preparing for future warfare but is indeed advancing towards it optimally.
In summary, India is actively adapting its military strategy by adopting loitering munitions and advanced drone technologies to counter formidable adversaries. The critical role of cost-effective drones, as highlighted in various global conflicts, substantiates the urgent need for innovation within India’s defense sector. Moreover, focusing on indigenous development and advanced systems will enhance India’s operational capabilities, positioning it favorably in future aerial confrontations.
Original Source: m.economictimes.com
Post Comment