Sudan’s Civil War: Examining the Path Forward Amidst Ongoing Conflict
Sudan’s civil war has claimed thousands of lives and displaced millions, with a recent military gain in Khartoum against the RSF. The conflict remains unresolved, with tensions between the military and RSF escalating. Internal rivalries may disrupt the military’s coalition, while the RSF continues to operate in western Sudan. The conflict has led to humanitarian crises, demanding organized peace efforts.
Sudan’s civil war is undergoing a critical phase following nearly two years of conflict, resulting in a staggering death toll and vast displacement. The military has reportedly gained significant ground against the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), claiming control over Khartoum, including the Republican Palace. However, the RSF has not recognized these setbacks, and despite the military’s advances, the conflict remains unresolved.
The conflict began in April 2023, fueled by a power struggle between military leaders who initially collaborated to guide Sudan towards democracy post-2019 uprising. Instead of facilitating a transition to civilian rule, these factions diverted their efforts to undermine it, leading to the violent confrontation that has since ensued. Official reports indicate at least 28,000 fatalities and over 14 million displacements throughout the country, with significant regions entering a state of famine.
The military’s control of Khartoum is expected to usher in a new chapter of conflict rather than signify its end. Sudan may become increasingly divided, with distinct territories dominated by the military and the RSF. Army Chief General Abdel-Fattah Burhan is reportedly disinclined towards genuine peace talks, while RSF leader General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo remains resolute in continuing the fight.
The RSF retains substantial authority in western Sudan, especially in Darfur, while Burhan’s coalition faces the risk of internal divisions due to its varied factions, historically fragmented yet united against the RSF. Recently, the RSF and its allies established a parallel governance framework in Nairobi, Kenya, while Burhan has suggested forming a transitional government, leading to a scenario where competing administrations may emerge alongside ongoing hostilities.
The RSF’s newly adopted charter promotes a secular, democratic, and decentralized state and emphasizes safeguarding the nation’s integrity, addressing various communities’ desires for autonomy. Emerging from the notorious Janjaweed militias infamous for ethnic suppression in Darfur, the RSF has been accused of heinous acts in the ongoing conflict, which the Biden administration has condemned by imposing sanctions, citing genocide. Both the RSF and the military have denied allegations of human rights violations.
In summary, Sudan’s civil war is undergoing significant dynamics as the military asserts control in Khartoum, yet the RSF remains defiant. Despite recent territorial gains, a comprehensive peace remains elusive, with the potential for exacerbated divisions in governance and territory. The international community is urged to monitor the situation closely, given the increasing humanitarian crises and allegations of atrocities committed by both factions. The path forward for Sudan is complex and fraught with challenges, necessitating concerted efforts for resolution and stability.
Original Source: caliber.az
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